Dhaka: Nabil, a child from Sutrapur in Old Dhaka, was born with Down syndrome, a condition that sets his life apart from other children. Unable to continue his studies in a general school due to his condition, Nabil's parents enrolled him in a local institution called 'Earth of Children's School.' However, his physical limitations prevent him from attending regularly, leading his parents to hire a private tutor to continue his education at home.
According to Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha, Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder characterized by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. It is associated with developmental delays, intellectual disability, and specific physical traits. Globally, one in every 700 children is born with this condition, and in Bangladesh, approximately 5,000 children are born with Down syndrome each year. These children often face challenges in physical and mental development and typically have distinct facial features, weaker muscles, and below-average IQ levels, which can hinder their educational progress.
Children with Down syndrome may also face additional health issues, such as congenital heart disease, respiratory problems, and thyroid issues, alongside a weakened immune system. Despite these challenges, appropriate care, therapy, and education can lead to significant improvements in their development.
Down syndrome can be detected during pregnancy through ultrasound and hormone tests, with detection possible by the 20th week. This allows families to prepare and seek necessary support. However, awareness and services related to Down syndrome remain limited in Bangladesh. The Bangladesh Down Syndrome Society, established in 2016, is working towards ensuring the rights and development of these children, but national-level support and specialized schools and therapy centers are lacking.
Specialized education and training are crucial for the development of children with Down syndrome, yet opportunities are limited in Bangladesh. Many families remain unaware of the condition, often keeping it a secret due to social stigma. Experts emphasize the importance of patience and proper educational methods to integrate these children into normal life.
Families play a critical role in the development of children with Down syndrome. Parental patience, care, and motivation are essential, but many families struggle to provide the necessary attention. Counseling can assist parents in creating a positive environment and ensuring regular therapy and treatment for their children.
Society must shift its perspective from sympathy to support, ensuring equal treatment and rights for children with Down syndrome. There is a need for more research, awareness, and training, with mass media and social platforms playing a vital role in spreading positive messages.
Despite the challenges faced by children with Down syndrome, improvements are possible with proper care, education, and societal cooperation. Children like Fahim demonstrate that with patience and the right guidance, their lives can be fulfilling. It is our responsibility to support these children as partners in their development rather than viewing them as burdens.